Chad

Chad DGDDI's traveller page instructs travellers entering Chad to declare any amount of foreign currency carried on themselves or in their baggage to the customs post on arrival; this entry instruction is limited to foreign currency and is not extended to CFA francs. On leaving Chad, any export of foreign-currency cash or CFA-franc cash above the regulatory thresholds must be declared before crossing the border; the page states no figure for these thresholds. The mandatory declaration form is available at the border posts (airports, land borders and river crossings); the page does not say whether the form is paper or electronic, nor whether any fee applies, and it warns that non-declaration or false declaration attracts customs and criminal sanctions. The page cites the CEMAC Customs Code and Regulation 02/18/CEMAC/UMAC/CM of 21 December 2018. Under Article 78 of that regulation, natural persons crossing the borders of the CEMAC, on entry or on exit, may hold without declaration cash up to and including the equivalent of FCFA 5,000,000, foreign currency and CFA francs combined; any amount strictly above FCFA 5,000,000, together with the corresponding negotiable instruments and securities, must be declared to the customs services. Article 78 covers crossings of the CEMAC's own external borders; the provisions read do not state a rule for movements between CEMAC member states, and that case remains unverified. Article 78 also requires resident travellers entering the CEMAC to retrocede the foreign exchange they hold to an authorized intermediary. Under Article 79, non-resident travellers leaving the CEMAC may take out foreign currency or other foreign means of payment up to the amount they declared on entering the CEMAC; if they made no declaration on entry or take out more than they themselves brought in, they must justify the origin of the funds for the amounts strictly above FCFA 5,000,000. One case falls under both texts and they diverge on its face: a traveller entering Chad directly from outside CEMAC carrying only foreign-currency cash at or below the equivalent of FCFA 5,000,000 is instructed by the national page to declare that cash on arrival, whatever its amount, whereas Article 78 on its face allows cash up to and including that threshold, foreign currency and CFA francs combined, to be held without declaration. The sources gathered in this record — the DGDDI page and the regional regulation text — establish no formal hierarchy between the two texts, contain no national implementing provision reconciling them, and give no evidence of practice at Chad's border posts; which obligation prevails in that overlapping case therefore cannot be determined from this record, and this record neither treats the national page as invalid or overridden nor treats the regional provision as automatically controlling. The regional rule that declaration is due only strictly above FCFA 5,000,000 at the CEMAC's external borders must not be rewritten as "no declaration needed below FCFA 5,000,000 on entry to Chad".