Romania

Natural persons (carriers) entering or leaving the European Union via Romania — i.e. crossing the EU external border — carrying cash of a value of EUR 10 000 or more, on their person, in their luggage or in their means of transport, must declare it to the Romanian customs authorities (the competent authorities of the Member State through which they are entering or leaving the Union) and make it available for control. Current legal basis: Regulation (EU) 2018/1672, applicable from 3 June 2021, which repealed Regulation (EC) No 1889/2005 (Article 20); the previous affirmative citations of Reg (CE) 1889/2005, HG 707/2006 and ANAF Order 2028/2012 as current law have been removed — the Romanian instruments are not verified as current. Under Article 2 of the Regulation, 'cash' means: (i) currency (banknotes and coins in circulation as a medium of exchange, including out-of-circulation banknotes and coins that can still be exchanged at financial institutions or central banks); (ii) bearer-negotiable instruments (traveller's cheques, and cheques, promissory notes or money orders in bearer or equivalent form — instruments claimable upon presentation without having to prove identity or entitlement); (iii) commodities used as highly-liquid stores of value as listed in Annex I (per the Commission's current page: gold coins with at least 90% gold content, and gold bars, nuggets or clumps with at least 99.5% gold content); and (iv) prepaid cards as defined in point 2 of Annex I (non-nominal cards that store or provide access to funds not linked to a bank account) — not all payment cards. The threshold is value-based, so cash denominated in other currencies counts at equivalent value; ordinary registered (non-bearer) shares or bonds are not, as such, within this legal definition of 'cash' — the Commission page's shorthand mention of 'bonds, shares' is not carried over. The EUR 10 000 threshold applies per person — for a group, to each person individually. All EU countries use the harmonised EU Cash Declaration Form (templates in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2021/776), to be completed in a language available in the country of entry or exit. A declaration with incorrect or incomplete information, or cash not made available for control, does not fulfil the obligation; penalties are set at national level ('effective, proportionate and dissuasive') and undeclared cash may be detained. Scope limits: this is the EU external-border rule only — any additional Romanian national rules on cash carried between EU countries or within Romania are outside these EU rules and remain unverified; Romania-specific submission channels, form availability and penalty details are likewise unverified (customs.ro returned HTTP 403 Cloudflare challenges on 2026-09-27). The channel value 'conditional' states only the threshold trigger — the declaration duty arises solely when a carrier enters or leaves the EU via Romania carrying cash of a value of EUR 10 000 or more (Article 3(1)) — and is not a claim that any particular Romanian submission medium (paper form at the border, electronic channel, or both) has been verified as available. Unaccompanied cash sent by post, freight or courier falls under a separate disclosure-on-request regime (Article 4), not this procedure.